1881. Fernando Ortiz is born in Havana.

He obtained a law degree and also practiced journalism, but above all he stood out for having been a diligent student of Afro-Cuban cultural historical roots. Graduated as a Doctor of Law from the University of Barcelona in 1901, and attracted by the positivist criminology of the time, he studied Criminology in Italy. In Cuba he became aware of many features of the national culture that until then had been distorted or attributed to uncertain motives, and that constituted a valuable heritage of the black presence in the country. Thus, he formulated the concept of transculturation, that is, the mixture of different roots in a single trunk or nation, which constituted one of his fundamental contributions.

He stimulated and participated in the creation of several institutions, such as the Hispano-Cuban Culture, the Folklore Society and the Afro-Cuban Studies Society and also founded different magazines.

He was also President of the Economic Society of Friends of the Country.

He turned out to be a very wide-ranging scientist, although his most significant contribution was made in the sphere of ethnography and he was the main promoter of Afro-Cuban studies in the 20th century. Due to his outstanding work, he was described by many as the Third Discoverer of Cuba.

He passed away in Havana on April 10, 1969.

1989. Nicolás Guillén Batista dies in Havana.

From a very young age he began to stand out as a poet. It has been affirmed that he managed to incorporate the rhythmic timbres of the son into poetry and found the ideal language to transmit his vision of the Cuban reality that he lived through. His work has been translated into many languages ​​and has received praise and study from prominent personalities of contemporary letters. He came to be considered one of the most important Spanish-speaking poets.

He was also for several decades president of the Union of Writers and Artists of Cuba, (UNEAC), an institution created in the country in 1961. He was also among the members of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba and the National Assembly of People's Power.

As a revolutionary intellectual, he participated and represented the country with dignity in various international events and also offered conferences and recitals in different parts of the world.

He was a journalist, poet and politician considered by his work as the National Poet of Cuba.

His birth took place in the city of Camagüey on July 10, 1902.